新疆坡北基性-超基性岩带10号岩体SHRIMP U-Pb和矿石Re-Os同位素定年及其意义

坡北基性-超基性岩带10号岩体位于塔里木板块东北部北山裂谷带内,岩体侵位于下石炭统红柳园组.前人根据岩体侵位地层的时代,间接推断出该岩体形成年龄为晚石炭世一早二叠世.文章对坡北基性-超基性岩带的10号岩体辉长岩和浸染状矿石分别进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb、Re-Os定年和Sr-Nd同位素示踪研究,获得岩体的辉长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄信息比较分散,其表面年龄信息从古生代-新元古代-古元古代-新太古代均有显示,揭示了新疆塔里木板块东北部北山裂谷带内的基性-超基性岩体的形成经历了复杂的地质演化历史.所获得的主体锆石的年龄为(289±13)Ma(95%可信度),与岩体侵位于下石炭统红柳园组的地质事实相吻合,可能代表了岩体形成的时间,而年龄信息(2 559～2 589 Ma)暗示了北山地区可能存在古元古代一新太古代的结晶基底.获得浸染状铜镍硫化物矿石的Re-Os等时线年龄为(413±20)Ma(95%可信度),该年龄不仅大于含矿超基性岩体(289 Ma)的形成时代,而且也老于岩体所侵入的下石炭统红柳园组的地层时代,显然与宏观的地质证据相悖.Sr-Nd和Os同位素特征研究表明,坡北岩带在约280 Ma前成岩成矿时,岩浆在从地幔源区侵入到地壳过程中受到了地壳物质混染,致使浸染状矿石的Re-Os同位素体系呈二元混合体系,因此浸染状矿石Re-Os同位素体系确定的等时线疑为假等时线,其年龄不能代表矿床形成时代或不具有确切的地质意义.铜镍矿化无论从时间上还是空间上都与岩体的侵位密切相关,矿床成因类型又为岩浆熔离型矿床,表明坡北10号铜镍硫化物矿床的成岩成矿时间应发生在晚石炭世一早二叠世期间,是后碰撞构造背景下幔源岩浆上侵的产物.

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb and Re-Os dating of No.10 intrusive body and associated ores in Pobei maficultramafic belt of Xinjiang and its significance

Located in Beishan rift in the northeastern part of Tarim plate, the Pobei No. 10 mafic-ultramafic body in-truded into Early Carboniferous Hongliuyuan Formation. It is large in size and well differentiated, thus serving as one of the most important intrusive bodies in search for copper-nickel sulfides. According to its emplacement strata, it was previously thought that this intrusive body was formed in Late Carboniferous-Early Permian. The uthors performed dating by using such techniques as zircon U-Pb, disseminated ores Re-Os and Sr-Nd isotopic tracer with the purpose of systematic determination of the magmatie and mineralization ages, on such a basis, discussed the metallogenic significance of systematic differences between the ages dated by different isotopic sys-tems. Radiometric dating of the gabbro from the Pobei No. 10 mafic-ultramafie body yielded rather scattered zir-con age information, but obtained a main body zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age of (289± 13)Ma(95 % confidence, MSWD=4.9, n = 8), which is interpreted as the formation age of the host intrusive. The disseminated ores give an apparent Re-Os isochron age of (413 ± 20) Ma with an initial 187Os/188Os ratio of (0.226 ± 0.032). However, it is found that the apparent Re-Os isochron ages of disseminated ores are older than both the forma-tion age of the host intrusions and the ages of Pobei No. 10 mafic-ultramafic emplacement strata, which indicates that the apparent Re-Os isochron ages of disseminated ores are not reliable. It is suggested that the Pobei No. 10 mafic-ultramafic body and the deposit were formed at about 280 Ma ago. Because of heterogeneity in initial ~(187)Os/~(188)Os ratios of disseminated ores caused by crust contamination, the apparent dates older than the true age were obtained. Cu-Ni mineraliztion shows a close time-space relationship with the mafic-ultramafic intrusive body, implying a product of magmatic liquation. It is therefore concluded that the intrusion of Pobei No. 10 mafic-ultramafic rock body and the related minealization occurred in a post-orogenic dynanmic setting in Late Carboniferous-Early Permion.