新型赤潮种类微小卡罗藻的溶血毒性检测

研究了从浙江海区分离的一株微小卡罗藻(Karlodinium micrum)对鲫鱼动脉血的溶血性,以典型鱼毒性的赤潮异弯藻作为比较,分别就细胞提取液、去藻上清液和细胞悬浮液的溶血性进行了研究。结果发现:同样处理条件下,以1%的Triton X-100作为溶血度100%的指标,微小卡罗藻细胞提取液的溶血度为70%,赤潮异弯藻细胞提取液的溶血度为32%。微小卡罗藻去藻上清液的溶血度为33%,赤潮异弯藻去藻上清液的溶血度大于100%溶血的TritonX-100组。两种藻的细胞悬浮液溶血度接近0。去藻上清液和细胞提取液具有显著浓度相关的溶血特征。在同样藻密度时,去藻上清液的溶血度大于细胞提取液的溶血度。由于微小卡罗藻在形态上容易与无毒的河口裸甲藻(Gyrodinium estuariales)混淆,因此,对于该藻的环境危害应当加以重视。对于微小卡罗藻具有溶血性的报道尚属首次。

Hemolytic Activity Inspection of a New Red Tide Organism Karlodinium micrum

Hemolytic activity in Karlodinium micrum, a strain isolated from the Zhejiang coastal area, was studied. The hemolytic activities of sonicated cell suspension, culture supernatant and cell suspension were studied respectively. Compared with a typical ichthyotoxic microalga, Heterosigma akashiwo, it has been found that: under the same circumstances, if the hemolysis of 1% Triton X-100 was fixed as 100 %, the hemolysis of K. micrum sonicated cell suspension was 70 %, that of H. akashiwo sonicated cell suspension was 32 %. The hemolysis of K. micrum culture supernatant was 33 %, and that of H. akashiwo culture supernatant was higher than 100 %. The hemolysis of both cell suspensions was near 0. Concentrated dependent hemolyitic activities existed in the culture supernatant and sonicated cell suspension. At the same cell density, the hemolysis of culture suspension was higher than that of sonicated cell suspension. This is the first report on the hemolytic activity of Karlodinium micrum isolated in China, the harmful environmental effects of this microalga should be emphasized owing to the fact that it is easy to be confused with the non-toxic Gyrodinium estuariales in morphology.