黄河宁蒙河段凌情特性研究

统计分析了黄河宁蒙河段1950-2004年流凌、封河、开河日期特征值,并对河道最大槽蓄水增量作了初步分析。研究表明宁蒙河段开河时一般从上游向下游解冻,河槽蓄水量沿程不断释放并加入,使开河时凌峰流量沿程增大;凌情的发生、发展及消失演变的过程,主要取决于河道形态(地理位置、走向及边界特征)、水文条件和气象条件以及人类活动等因素;水库的运用对凌情的演变有重要影响。

Ice regime characteristics in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of Yellow River

The characteristic values of drift ice,the freeze-up and breakup dates in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of Yellow River from 1950 to 2004 are analyzed,and their distributions are also showed.The maximum channel-storage increment are summarized.The result shows that the break-up from upstream to downstream in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of Yellow River,the channel-storage capacity are constantly set free and added along the river,and the flood peak of ice flow is added along the river during the break-up period.The formation,development and dissolution course of ice regime are mainly decided by the river pattern,the hydrometeorological regime and human activity.The reservoir operation is an important influence on the evolution of ice regime.