国内产业转移背景下重庆对外贸易的地理格局

在全球第四次产业转移的背景下，重庆迅速调整产业结构并取得突破，对外贸易的地理格局发生较大变化。本文搜集整理2008～2012年海关统计数据，采用地理信息系统软件（Ar-cGIS9.3）对重庆市对外贸易伙伴的空间分布格局、商品构成状况进行研究。研究表明：①2008年以来重庆进出口商品总量增长迅速，出口集中度逐年提高，而进口集中度逐年降低；②进口贸易伙伴集中分布于亚洲、欧洲和北美洲。贸易伙伴的分布重心向东南亚倾斜。进口商品集中于电子信息产品及机械设备；③出口贸易伙伴分布更加集中于北美洲与欧洲。出口商品以计算机与通信产品、机械设备为主。其中，计算机类电子信息产品已经超过传统汽车、摩托车等产品而位居首位。最后对重庆市对外贸易发展的趋势进行了展望。

Change of Geographical Pattern of Chongqing’s Foreign Trade under the Background of Domestic Industry Transfer

Under the 4th International Industry Transfer background, Chongqing has changed the industrial structure rapidly, and foreign trade pattern has changed a lot accordingly. According to the statistic data of Chongqing Cus-toms from 2008 to 2012, using Arcgis 9.3, this paper studies Chongqing foreign trade situation, spatial distribution of import and export trade partners, and commodity composition. The study shows that： （1） the total amount of import and export commodities has been increasing rapidly since 2008 , while the ex-port trade partners have been concentrated gradually and the import partners have been dispersed;（2）Import trade partners are mainly in Asia, Europe and North America. Most of the import trade partners are in Asia, especially in Southeast Asia. The commodities are mainly electronic information products and mechanical equipment; （3） The export trade partners are mainly in North Ameri-ca and Europe. The export commodities are mainly computers, telecommunication products and mechanical equipment. The exported amount of electronic informa-tion products such as computer, which exceeds the traditional products like cars and motorcars, has ranked the first.