冀东铁矿田的开发对区域地下水环境的影响

冀东铁矿田赋存在太古界单塔子群白庙子组中,资源量（332＋333）为25亿 t,平均品位〉30%,是我国重要的铁矿基地。矿区位于滦河冲洪积扇中上部,矿体上覆第四系砂砾卵石含水层富水性强,水量丰富,属于大水矿床,矿床疏干排水困难,疏干排水将破坏地下水环境。本文在分析矿区水文地质条件的基础上,提出了具有密切水力联系的多层含水层系统的水文地质概念模型,并建立了刻画多层含水层系统的数值仿真模拟模型,基于预留隔水顶板井下充填法采矿,预测矿山开采地下水流场演变,评价了矿山开采对区域地下水环境的影响,提出了环境保护措施,对今后矿山开发过程中的地下水环境影响评价方法、地下水资源开发利用及环保管理决策具有重要意义。

Research on the Influence of Jidong Iron Exploitation on Regional Groundwater Environemnt

Jidong Iron Ore lies in the Baimiaozi Series of Dantazi Group, Archaeozoic erathem. With a resource of 2, 501. 16 million tons and an average grade of over 30%, it is an important iron base of China. The mining area is located at the middle-upper part of alluvial-proluvial fan of the Luanhe River. The ore body is covered with Quaternary gravels and pebbles, of which the aquifer has a large water capacity and is rich in water; therefore it is a water ore deposit and there is great difficulty in sewer drainage of the ore deposit. Besides, sewer drainage may damage underground water environment and incur some environmental problems including land subsidence. This article, based on the analysis of hydrogeologic condition of the mining area, puts forward a hydrogeological concept model of the multilayer aquifer system, in which the hydraulic affilia-tion is quite strong, establishes a numerical simulation model describing multilayer aquifer system to predict the evolvement of groundwater flow field due to the mining, evaluates the influence of mining on the regional groundwater environment, and pro-poses some environmental protection measures. All of the above is of great significance in the method of assessing the influence on the groundwater environment, exploitation of the groundwater resources and environmental protection management during the mine exploitation.