滨海湿地生态补偿机制建设初探

初步探讨了我国滨海湿地生态补偿机制框架,确定了生态补偿的范围为生态地位重要、生态环境脆弱的滨海湿地,补偿主体为政府和湿地开发利用者,补偿客体为滨海湿地管理者和保护者;提出了补偿标准测算应注意的问题和可供选择的方法;从资金补偿和项目补偿两个方面探索了补偿方式和途径;并提出了完善滨海湿地监测和管理系统、明晰滨海湿地产权、推进生态补偿市场化运作、完善生态产业等生态补偿实施对策措施。

A Preliminary Study on Ecological Compensation for Coastal Wetlands

This paper discusses a institutional framework of ecological compensation for coastal wetlands. The scope of ecological compensation for coastal wetlands was determined to cover those coastal wetlands which play important ecological roles and have a fragile ecological environment. The government and the coastal wetland developers are the providers of compensation and the managers and conservation practitioners are the receptors of the compensation. Concerns with the decision of compensation criteria were highlighted and alternative methods were provided. Compensation through financing and through project funding was elaborated to explore optimal channels of compensation. Following measures were proposed to improve the implementation of ecological compensation： clarification of property rights, improvement of coastal wetland monitoring system, promotion of eco- compensation market operation, encouragement of the development of eco- industries.