浙江省瑞安市耕作层土壤养分元素有效态含量空间变异特征及其影响因素

综合采用地统计学、GIS和传统统计分析方法,研究了瑞安市耕作层土壤9种养分元素有效态含量空间变异特征及其影响因素。结果显示,研究区耕作层土壤碱解氮呈西高东低的分布趋势,速效钾、有效硼、有效锰、有效钼、有效铜和有效锌呈西低东高的分布趋势,有效磷呈东西高、中间低的分布趋势,有效铁分布均匀;研究区中西部耕作层有效硼较缺乏,东部碱解氮较缺乏,中部有效磷较缺乏,其他地区9种养分元素有效态含量均达到中等以上;半方差函数分析显示有效锰和有效铁为强空间相关性,碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷、有效钼、有效铜和有效锌为中等空间相关性,有效硼为弱空间相关性。研究认为,中性或是弱碱性、含盐量较高且阳离子较活跃的土壤环境有利于速效钾和有效硼富集,酸性或弱酸性和有机质含量较高的土壤有利于碱解氮和有效铁富集;速效钾、有效钼、有效硼、有效铜和有效锌含量的控制因素相似,主要受成土母质、土壤类型以及地形地貌等结构性因素和施肥、耕作等随机性因素的双重影响,而碱解氮、有效铁、有效磷和有效锰的含量分布主要受成土母质、土壤类型以及地形地貌等结构性因素的影响。

Spatial Variability Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Available Contents of Nutritive Elements in Tillage Layer Soil of Ruian,Zhejiang Province

Based on geostatistics,GIS and traditional statistical analysis,spatial variability characteristics and influencing factors of available contents of 9 nutritive elements in the tillage layer soil of Ruian were studied. The results showed that alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen in the tillage layer of the study area with the distribution trend of high in the west and low in the east,while that of available contents of potassium,boron,manganese,molybdenum,copper and zinc were low in the west and high in the east,available phosphorus is high in both east and west but low in the middle,and available iron distributed uniformly; there is a lack of available boron in the tillage layer soil in the central and western parts of the study area,a lack of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in the east,and a lack of available phosphorus in the central,except for these,the available contents of 9 nutritive elements in other parts of the study area are all above the medium standard; semi-variance function analysis showed that available contents of manganese and iron had strong spatial correlation,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available contents of potassium,phosphorus,molybdenum,copper and zinc had medium spatial correlation,and available contents of boron had weak spatial correlation. It is considered that the neutral or weakly alkaline soil environment with high salt content and active cations is beneficial to the enrichment of available contents of potassium and boron,and the acidic or weakly acidic soil with high organic matter content is beneficial to the enrichment of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and available contents of iron; the controlling factors of available contents of potassium,molybdenum,boron,copper and zinc are similar,which are mainly affected by structural factors such as soil parent material,soil type and topography,as well as random factors such as fertilization and tillage. Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available contents of iron,phosphorus and manganese are mainly affected by structural factors such as soil parent material,soil type and topography.