中国西部经济社会地域分异规律研究

本文应用定性与定量相结合的方法及GIS技术 ,选取反映地区发展状况的 12项主要指标 ,对西部 10 6个地州市的经济社会发展状况进行了综合评价 ,分析了西部经济社会地域分异特征 ,揭示了西部经济社会发展的地域分异规律。文章认为 ,影响西部经济社会地域分异的主要因素包括 :西部自然环境地域分异决定了社会经济地域分异的基本格局 ;农业资源的地域组合决定着农业生产的地域分异 ;能矿资源的地域组合及开发决定了能矿工业基地和一些矿业城镇的地域分异 ;重要城市和经济较发达区域沿主要河流沿岸和交通沿线扩展的点 轴式地域分异规律 ;区位、资源、劳动力、技术、市场、政策等要素的地域组合 ,决定着经济地域类型 ;西部经济社会发展在地域分异上较高的相关性 ,导致社会经济与生态环境不相协调的矛盾十分尖锐 ,生态环境已经对社会经济发展形成了强约束。

On the laws of territorial differentiation of socio-economic development in western China

By integrating quantitative with qualitative approaches, as well as GIS technology along with 12 major selected indicators which can well reflect the regional development of western China, this article makes a comprehensive assessment on the socio-economic development of the 106 cities at prefectural level. Also, the characteristics and the laws of socio-economic disparities in western China are probed. Factors that mainly influence the socio-economic territorial differentiations are identified as follows: (1) physical disparities essentially influence the socio-economic disparities; (2) regional integration of agricultural resources shapes the territorial differentiation of agriculture in western China; (3) regional combination of energy and mineral resources constitutes the key factors determining the mineral cities' formation and distribution; (4) large cities and developed regions are located along major rivers and traffic lines, taking on point-axis diffusion form; (5) the interactions of location, resources, labour forces, technology, market, and policy determine the properties and patterns of economic regions;and (6) the high correlativity between each indicator selected in this article results in the strong conflicts between socio-economic development and ecological environment, which constitutes the main constraints to the development of western China. In conclusion, the laws of the socio-economic territorial differentiation of western China reflects the immense physical restrictions to the socio-economic development, which requires reconsideration of the ecological carrying capacity and resources' restriction in the course of developing western China. Moreover, blind migration into western China and reclamation should by no means be advocated