硬壳蛤形态性状与体质量、软体质量及肥满度的相关性和通径分析

为研究硬壳蛤形态性状对体质量(Y)、软体质量(Y₁)及肥满度(K)的影响,测量硬壳蛤的壳长(X₁)、壳宽(X₂)、壳高(X₃)、体质量(Y)和软体质量(Y₁)等指标,并进行相关性分析、多元回归分析和通径分析。结果表明:体质量变异系数最高,壳宽与体质量相关系数最高(0.970)、壳长与软体质量相关系数最高(0.946)、壳长与肥满度相关系数最高(0.203)。壳宽对体质量直接作用最大(0.145)、壳长对软体质量直接作用最大(1.113)、壳长对肥满度直接作用最大(1.752)。形态性状与体质量、软体质量及肥满度的多元回归方程分别为Y=–46.359+0.288X₁+1.723X₂+0.640X₃,R²=0.949;Y₁=–6.607+0.301X₁+0.157X₂–0.161X₃,R²=0.901;K=3.159+0.173X₁+0.008X₂–0.179X₃,R²=0.072。壳宽是影响硬壳蛤体质量的主要因素,壳长是影响硬壳蛤软体质量的主要因素,各性状与肥满度回归关系不显著,个体间肥满度差异大。研究结果可为硬壳蛤选育及苗种繁育提供参考。

Correlation and path analysis between morphological traits and body weight, soft body weight, and plumpness of Mercenaria mercenaria

To study the effects of morphological traits of Mercenaria mercenaria on Y, Y₁, and K, the shell length, shell width, shell height, weight, and soft weight of Mercenaria mercenaria were measured. Furthermore, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and path analysis were conducted. The results demonstrated that the largest coefficient of variation was weight, the largest correlation coefficient between morphological traits and weight was shell width (0.970), the largest correlation coefficient with soft weight was shell length (0.946), and the largest correlation coefficient with plumpness was shell length (0.203). The most direct effect of morphological traits on weight was, namely, shell width (0.145), shell length (1.113), and shell length (1.752). The multiple regression equation between morphological traits and weight was Y = -46.359 + 0.288 X₁ + 1.723 X₂ + 0.640 X₃, R² = 0.949; the multiple regression equation with soft weight is Y₁ = -6.607 + 0.301 X₁ + 0.157 X₂ - 0.161 X₃, R² = 0.901; the multiple regression equation with plumpness is K = 3.159 + 0.001 173 X₁ + 0.008 X₂ - 0.179 X₃, R² = 0.072. Shell width was found to be the principal factor affecting the weight of Mercenaria mercenaria, whereas shell length was determined as the chief factor affecting the soft weight of Mercenaria mercenaria. The regression relationship between morphological traits and plumpness was not found to be significant, and there were substantial differences in plumpness among individuals. The research concluded that results can be used as a reference for case studies in variety breeding and seedling breeding of Mercenaria mercenaria.