甘油二醚膜类脂化合物的生物地球化学研究进展

甘油二醚膜类脂化合物相对其他类脂生物标志物而言，通常具有较特定的微生物来源及环境指示意义，目前国内外还未有相关的综述性报道。综述了该类型化合物的测试方法，古菌和细菌二醚的组成特征，重点评述了如产甲烷菌、甲烷氧化菌、嗜盐菌等古菌，以及硫酸盐还原菌、Aquificales及一些嗜热细菌，在极端环境(如冷泉、热泉、热液系统)研究中甘油二醚膜类脂化合物应用的进展和可能经历的生物地球化学过程。简要介绍了环境对甘油二醚膜类脂分布的影响，并对其及其他类脂生物标志物的应用前景和发展趋势进行了展望。

ADVANCES IN BIOGEOCHEMICAL STUDY OF GLYCEROL DIETHER MEMBRANE LIPIDS

Compared with other lipid biomarkers, glycerol diether membrane lipids generally bear more specific implications for provenance and environment. Up to date, comprehensive reviews on this topic are rare in both domestic and international literatures. In this paper, we made a brief review on the analytical methods of glycerol diethers, the composition characteristics of archaeal diethers and bacterial diethers, with emphasis on Archaea (e.g., methanogens, methanotrophs, halophiles) and bacteria (e.g., sulfate-reducing bacteria, Aquificales, and some thermophiles).Special attention is paid to the application of glycerol diether membrane lipids and possible biogeochemical processes to the study of extreme environment, such as cold seep, hot spring and hydrothermal systems.The impacts of environmental parameters on the distribution of glycerol diether membrane lipids are briefly introduced and future application of diethers and other lipid biomarkers are discussed.