河北省气候干湿状况变化特征分析

以潜在蒸散量计算的气候干燥度指数表征河北省气候干湿状况,提出蒸发量修正系数,根据相关研究和研究区实际情况给出其量值,并对河北省气候干燥度进行分级。选取河北省内均匀分布的68个气象观测站1952年(或建站)至2000年的原始气象记录月报表和信息化资料,利用ArcGIS软件进行数字化、图形叠加和空间分析,讨论近50年河北省气候干湿状况的时空分布特征,认为气候干旱处于缓慢加重状态;全省的气候干湿状况分布具有明显的地域差异,1960s—1990s河北省中南部平原大部、张家口的桑洋盆地和承德部分山区干燥度均有不同程度的增加,而冀北高原、太行山山区及山前平原、燕山山区大部干燥度减小。

Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Climate Drought and Wetness for Hebei

Aridity index is an index to denote the regional situation of climate drought and wetness degree.In this paper,the aridity index is computed by potential evapotranspiration to figure the drought and wetness of Hebei Province.The correct coefficient of evapotranspiration is put forward.According to the related researches and the situation of the research area,aridity of Hebei Province is classified by different values,and the results show that the method has definite ecological meaning and theoretical foundation.Firstly,data from 68 weather stations are collected and digitalized and analyzed spatially by ArcGIS(GIS software).Secondly,the spatio-temporal distribution features of the drought and wetness of Hebei Province in recent 50 years are discussed.Finally,the results show that the ariditilization of Hebei Province is getting worse slowly,the climate ariditilization during the periods from 1965 to early 1970s and late 1990s are remarkable,and 1965 is a break of the aridity of Hebei Province.The distribution of aridity changed from 1960s to 1990s also presents a distinct regional difference.The aridity has increased with different levels in most areas of mid and southern plain.There is another higher value center for aridity increasing in the area of Zhangjiakou,huaian and Xuanhua.The areas with aridity decreasing are located in north altiplano,eastern of east Hebei and the mid and northern mountainous area of Taihang Mountain etc.