应用FY－1B气象卫星监测1991年江淮洪水的研究

本文研究了ＦＹ－１ＢＶＨＲＳＲ的三个可见光通道和一个近红外通道监测１９９１年夏天中国江淮地区洪水的能力。分析该区域不同水体的各个通道的光谱状况表明，ＶＨＲＳＲ第二通道区别水、陆（植被）边界十分显著，ＶＨＲＳＲ第一通道有感应洪水泥沙含量信息的能力，ＶＨＲＳＲ的第三、四通道（海洋通道）则可以获得水深信息。文中针对ＦＹ－１Ｂ的波段的特点设计了几种信息增强方法，从而有效地识别出水陆边界，计算了洪水深度及洪水浑浊度的相对等级，精确地统计出洪水的面积。结果表明ＦＹ－１Ｂ在洪水监测中大有潜力。

Application of FY-1B Meteorological Satellite Data to Monitor the Flood Disaster in Huaihe River Basin in Summer,1991

Since late spring of 1991,weather had become abnormal in Huaihe riverbasin,During the period from May to July,it universally fell heavy rain and tor-rential rain in this region. Hit by rainstorm continually,some local areas sufferedan exceptionallv serious flood disaster in the century.This paper emphasizes in des-cribing the method of monitoring this flood disaster using cloud-free imagery invisible and near infrared channels obtained by scanning radiometer on board FY-1Bpolar meteorological satellite. Firstly,the capability of monitoring flood with FY-1B/VHRSR(Very HighResolution Scanning Radiometer)was studied,especially,the spectral responses inchannels of VHRSR of waterbodies in different conditions,The result shows thatCH2 can be used to identify the boundary between water and land,CH1 correspondsto water turbidity,and CH3 and CH4 can be used in water depth analysis.In accordance with the characteristics of VHRSR channels,several schemes forinformation enhancement were designed to estimate water depth and water turbidity,and also to identify waterbodies more effectively.Flood area was accurately calcu-lated on an image processirig system by statistics and classification method interac-tively. The result shows that FY-1B data has potential in monitoring large area flooddisaster.