岩溶关键带及其碳循环研究进展

岩溶关键带的范畴包含了大气-(降水)-植被-土壤-裂隙-基岩-水组成的“碳-水-钙”循环强烈的表层岩溶带以及岩溶管道-洞穴-地下河-隔水层组成的巨大岩溶地下空间,岩溶关键带碳循环是岩溶地球系统科学研究的前沿方向。总结概括了岩溶地球系统科学发展至今的岩溶关键带范畴内碳循环及其对大气CO2源汇效应的研究成果,包括早期碳运移模型、当前主流的区域岩溶碳汇量的计算方法和结果以及“生物碳泵”的新发现等,讨论了当前岩溶碳循环研究框架过于单一或不一致以及碳周转时间尺度等问题,提出应对岩溶关键带碳输入、赋存以及碳输出的各个环节做出系统化监测,通过联网在线高分辨率监测站点的建设以及“3S”技术实现点位到区域的研究,使岩溶碳汇在全球碳循环模型中的重要性更具说服力。

Advance of Karst Critical Zone and Its Carbon Cycle

The category of karst critical zone includes surface karst zones with strong carbon-water-calcium cycle composed of atmosphere-precipitation-vegetation-soil-fissure-bedrock-water and huge karst underground space composed of karst pipeline/fissure-cave-underground river-aquifer, which is the frontier direction of karst earth system science research. This paper summarized the research results of carbon cycle and its effect on atmospheric CO2 source and sink from the scientific development of karst earth system up to now, including the early carbon migration model, the calculation methods and results of current mainstream regional carbon sink and the new discovery of bio-carbon pump, etc. It discussed the problems that the current research frameworks of karst carbon cycle are too single or inconsistent and time scales of carbon turnover are not the same. It was proposed that systematic monitoring of carbon input, storage and output in karst critical zone should be carried out. The importance of karst carbon sinks in the global carbon cycle model should be more convincing through the construction of online high-resolution monitoring sites and the "3S" technology to achieve point-to-area research.