晋北抢风岭膨润土矿床地质特征

目前已开采的山西北部抢风岭膨润土矿床,为我队一九八一年首次发现的大型膨润土矿床,属火山一沉积型。经地表和深部工作证实,膨润土储量大,性能好,远景可观。这一矿床的发现,填补了山西省紧缺矿产——膨润土的空白。现根据我们三年来野外工作所获得的资料,对其矿床地质特征作一简单介绍。

Geological Characteristics Of The Qiangfengling Bentonite Deposits In Northern Shanxi Province

Discovered in 1981, the Qiangfengling bentonite (amargosite) deposit is of volcanic-sedimentary type characterized by considerable reserves, good qualities and encouraging prospective reserves. lt is also accompanied by large-sized zeolite deposit, medium-sized refractory clay and ceramic clay as well as coal. Bentonite beds remain stable with negligible variation in thickness. Four ore beds can be distinguished occurring respectively in Upper Jurassic Qiangfengling Formation and Pengtougou Formation of Hunyuan Group. Of them, I ore bed is the major ore bed with a length 4500-5000 m, the greatest thickness at surface 1.02-9.92 m, (averagely 3.24 m), and thickness at depth l.41-17.4 m, averaging 6.23 m. X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy all indicate that the bentonite is a typical calcareous one and can be divided into three types according to natural form: massive, conglomeratic and sandlike. Mineral constituents are mainly montmorillonite, whose content reaches 41-100% with an average of 67%, and, to a less amount, zeolite, opal, hydromica and remnant glass clastics. Technologically, we performed such tests as cast technology, adsorption and decolorization on bentonite, the results show that this bentonite is an excellent cast material and can be used to make plastic filler and hard plastic tube. Bentonite has a decolorization ratio of 89.0-344.3 (averaging 180.0), and can therefore be used for adsorption and decolorization of oil products with satisfactory result.