人类生存与环境演变

人类进化与环境演变几乎同步发生,人类与环境的相互关系大体经历了萌发、原始、冲击和协调四个时期。人类起源和生存与全球环境演变密切相关,他在环境剧变中产生,在适应环境变化中成长。当他向自然环境过分索取时,就要造成环境恶化；而恶化的环境又会给人类带来各种各样的灾难,促使人类迁移,引起民族战争和社会动荡,摧毁人类文明。人类只有协调好与环境的相互关系才能得以生存和发展。

EXISTENCE OF HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES

About four million years ago, Australopithecus, commonly considered to haveevolved to be human, appeared. At the same time, the Earth underwent a sudden andgreat drop in temperature, with large quantities of forest dissappeared. Some surviredAustralopithecus adapted gradually to the new environment and learned to search forfood on the ground, thereby their forelegs evolving to be hands. About 2.5 millionyears ago, global climate become cold further. At that bine, the Earth entered into itsQuaternary accompanied with ice caps occured on both poles. After experiencing thiswide environment change, palasoanthropoid evolved to be early ape-man who couldmake tools.From the Chinese loess-palaeosol sequences and palaeoanthropoid fossils, it hasbeen recognized that most palaeoanthropoid fossils are buried in the deposits whichsuggest a warm and moist forest-gassland environment. For example, the fossil of theHomo erectus of Lantian lied within the palaeosol S6, the age of the Peking Manis the 0.462Ma B.P. by FT dating, corresponding to the paliosoil S5; the age of theDali Man corresponded to S2, Xujiayao Homo sap lens of Shanxi Yanggao correspondedto S1. From the above-mentioned facts, we believe that palaeoanthropoid imigrated tothe warmer southern zone during the cold periods and returned to the north during theinterglacial periods and evolved continuously during this process.It is proved to be true with historical records that Northern nationalihes invadedsouthern zone largely during the period of global temperature reducing. It can also beshown from the 2 000 years War Curve that most of the wars occurred during theperiods of the worsened climatic envirotunents.In the human historical records, famine events caused by worsened environmentsare too many to enumerate.The modern mankind acquires the abilities to conquer each inch of land on theEarth from the development of modern civilization, but they have caused lots ofserious environmental problems. Modern human should enter a new stage f humanharmonizing with the Nature.