地基GPS用于阿勒泰积雪深度反演研究

积雪作为主要的淡水资源,准确地监测积雪覆盖与雪深具有十分重要的意义。随着全球卫星导航系统的不断建设和新技术新应用的不断发展,地基GPS遥感积雪参数技术越来越受国内外学者的重视。本文基于阿勒泰市气象局的GPS地表环境监测站观测数据,采用GPS-MR技术开展了积雪深度反演研究。首先给出了GPS-MR技术用于积雪深度反演的基本原理,其次利用阿勒泰GPS监测站2017年1—3月的数据进行了积雪深度反演分析,最后针对不同GPS卫星高度角区间影响进行精度分析。研究结果表明地基GPS可用于阿勒泰气象站积雪深度反演,与实测雪深较差优于3 cm,且较优卫星高度角区间为5°～20°。地基GPS用于积雪深度反演具有全天候、高精度、高时间分辨率、高自动化、低成本等优点,可充分发挥现有地基GNSS气象监测站在积雪探测领域潜在的应用价值,以期地基GNSS监测站成为积雪遥感探测手段的有效补充。

Ground-based GPS for retrieved snow depth in Altai

As the snow is an important freshwater resource in the Altai region of Xinjiang, it is very important to accurately monitoring the snow distribution and snow depth in the Altai region of Xinjiang. At present, snow depth monitoring mainly depends on stations and satellite remote sensing monitoring methods. With more and more snow monitoring GPS remote sensing and ground domestic and foreign scholars pay attention to the rapid development of technology, there is more new technique guarantee for quantitative monitoring of snow depth. Based on the GPS observation data of the first ground-based GPS snow monitoring demonstration station located in Altai, China, this paper uses GPS-MR to monitor the snow depth in Altai area. Firstly, this paper gives the basic principle of GPS-MR inversion snow depth, then analyzes the accuracy of GPS-MR inversion of Altay snow depth combined with measured snow depth data. Besides, this paper describes the analysis of the influence on the accuracy of GPS-MR inversion of Altay snow depth with satellite height Angle. The experimental results show that: Ground-based GPS inversion snow depth deviation better than 3cm, the optimal satellites height angle range is 5°-20°. With the advantages of all-weather, high-precision, high automation, high time resolution and low cost characteristics of GPS-MR technology, the potential application value of the existing ground-based GNSS meteorological monitoring station could be fully excavated, so that to expect the ground-based GNSS to become an effective complement of snow resort remote sensing detection means.