南阳市灰霾天气污染特征及其健康效应

利用南阳市1971—2007年地面气象站观测资料以及2004—2005年环境检测站提供的空气污染物监测数据和南阳市中心医院门诊逐日病例资料,统计分析了南阳市灰霾天气及其空气污染特征,并根据灰霾天气对应的门诊病历,分析了灰霾天气对人体健康的影响。结果表明:南阳市灰霾日数的年代际变化非常明显,37年来南阳市霾的发生频率和持续时间都呈持续增加的趋势。秋冬是灰霾的高发季节。灰霾天气出现时空气污染程度加剧,特别是PM10浓度在灰霾出现日明显升高。就诊人群以呼吸系统为主的疾病发生率在灰霾发生当天明显升高,呼吸系统疾病门诊例数与PM10浓度正相关。

Characteristics of Pollution in Haze Weather and Its Effect on Health in Nanyang

The urban atmospheric environment is examined with the air pollutant monitoring data and the day-to-day data from the outpatient service of the Nanyang Central Hospital between 2004 and 2005 year, as well as the conventional meteorological data from 1971 to 2007 at Nayang Weather Station.The statistical analysis is conducted of haze weather and air pollution characteristics at Nayang and the influence of haze weather on human-body health,based on the medical records of the haze-related outpatient service. The results indicate：there was obvious inter-annual variation in the number of haze days at Nanyang,and there was an increase trend in either occurrence frequency or duration of haze weather in the recent 37 years;haze weather occurred more frequently in autumn and winter,and the haze weather worsens air pollution,specially when PM10 density increases greatly in haze weather;the clinical rate of respiratory diseases increases obviously in haze weather.The analysis demonstrates that the number of respiratory-disorder outpatients and PM10 density are correlated positively,namely the PM10 density increases along with the increasing respiratory disorder outpatients.