The Response of First Flowering Dates to Abrupt Climate Change in Beijing |
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Authors: | BAI Jie GE Quansheng and DAI Junhu |
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Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710075, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 |
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Abstract: | Phenological data on the First Flowering Date (FFD) of woody plants in
Beijing from 1963--2007 are analyzed. The correlation between each species'
yearly FFD and the mean monthly temperatures for every year over a 45-year
period is used to identify the month in which temperature has the most
effect on FFD. Through further analysis, the FFDs of 48 woody plant species
are shown to have advanced an average of 5.4 days from 1990--2007 compared
to 1963--1989. The results indicate that 70.8% of species flowered
significantly earlier (7 days on average) during the period 1990--2007,
while only one species (2.1%) flowered significantly later. Moreover, the
responses of FFD to climate change are shown to be different in two climatic
stages, defined by an abrupt climate change point. Thirty-three species
which first flower in March and April are sensitive to temperature are
examined. The correlation coefficients between FFD and temperature for 20
species during the latter period (1990--2007) are shown to be larger than
during the former period (1963--1989), with a difference of around -0.87
days per 1oC on average. The paper concludes that with the warming of
climate, the linear trend of FFD variation, as well as its responsiveness to
temperature, became more prominent during 1990--2007 than 1963--1989. The
data analyzed in this study present a strong biological indicator of climate
change in Beijing, and provide further confirmation of previous results from
regional and local studies across the Northern Hemisphere. Phenophase
variations indicate that the climate is changing rapidly. |
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Keywords: | phenology climate change first flowering date (FFD) woody plants |
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