良好植被区泥石流防治初探

通过对近年来发生在良好植被区的几次重大泥石流、滑坡灾害的考察,发现植被在泥石流、滑坡形成中的作用有待于进一步认识。通过分析,当中小强度降雨激发下,植被能够削减泥石流、滑坡灾害的规模,甚至抑制泥石流、滑坡灾害的发生;当降雨超过一定阀值后,在水作用下,植被不但不能削减灾害规模,反而增大灾害的规模。在这类地区,简单地使用一般的防治措施,已经不能满足防灾、减灾的需要,客观要求针对这些地区泥石流灾害的形成原因、危害特征,研究防治对策。经初步研究提出3点防治措施:1)加强泥石流滑坡灾害的预测预报工作;2)在重点区域设置自动雨量记录报警装置;3)特别针对漂木拦挡,采取新型结构减轻泥石流的危害。

Study of Control Debris Flow in High-covered Vegetation Region

In China,many main measures are applied to mitigate the disasters of debris flow and landslide,including planting tree and forestation,sealing mountain region,protecting vegetation in mountain region.In recent years,some fatal disasters of debris flow and landslide have occurred in Xinping county,Yingjiang county and Longchuan county of Yunnan province,and so on.After investigating,we discover that there are high covered vegetations in these regions,these facts indicate we must lucubrate the function of vegetation in the formation of debris flow and landslide.Through primary research,when rainfall is small,the high-covered vegetation can restrain the formation and scale of debris flow;but when rainfall is over a certain value,the high-covered vegetation will magnify the scale of debris flow.The normal measures to control debris flow can't meet with the requirement of society development.According to the formation cause and dangerous characteristics in high-covered vegetation region,three measures have provided as follows, 1)deeply enhance the forecast research of debris flow;2) set up auto rainfall alarm setting in the key regions;3) according to big floating wood,a series of structures are presented to mitigate the disaster of debris flow.