阿克苏地区地下水资源与水盐调控分析

根据水和盐分运移平面模型和剖面模型运行结果，确定该区形成盐碱化的潜水水位的临界深度为2．2m。根据地下水位的理深和形成盐碱化的程度，划分出六个区域。在可能导致盐碱化加剧的区域采用以开采地下水为主，以降低地下水位；在有可能出现盐碱化地区，以采用地表水和地下水相结合的灌溉方式；在地下水位埋藏较深(＞5m)的地区，以地表水灌溉为主。从控制盐碱化和保证农业可持续发展出发，以环境、经济、技术和水动力条件为约束条件，以最大限度利用水资源为目标，建立了该区地表水和地下水联合调度的优化模型，确定出各区地下水的最优开采量和地表水的合理引水量，制定出保汪农业可持续发展条件下，水资源最优开发方案。

AN ANALYSIS OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCE AND WATER-SALT CONTROL IN AKESU AREA

According to the results of planar and vertical model of wat er -salt transportation of Akesu, the critical depth of phreatic water surface tha t contributed to salinization is 2.2 m in this area. Six subareas can be delinea ted according to the depth of groundwater level and the degree of salinization. To lower the water table is the main method to exploit groundwater in the area t hat salinization may be aggravated. To exploit surface water and groundwater is adopted in the area that salinization may occur. While surface water is used to irrigate mainly in the area where the depth of groundwater table is greater than 5 m. Then an optimum exploitation model that surface water and groundwater both can be used was established in the light of controlling salinization and ascert aining sustainable development of agriculture under the restrictive condition of environment, economy and technology, making a full use of water resources as a goal, decided an optimum groundwater exploitation in every subarea and optimized surface water usage quantity. At last an optimized exploiting scheme was establ ished under the conditions that agriculture can be developed sustainable.