地球岩石中稀有气体研究进展

简要回顾了90年代以前在地球岩石稀有气体研究领域取得的成果,总结了90年代以来该领域的最新成就,最后指出了存在的问题。

ADVANCES IN STUDY ON NOBLE GASES IN EARTH'S ROCKS

  Since a static analysis technology was invented in 1950 s,the studies on the elemental and isotopic composition of noble gases in terrestrial rocks have been rapidly developed,and obtained some results,such as U-He age method,K-Ar age method,40Ar-39Ar age method,and the evidences to show that the atmosphere is secondary,and that abiogenic natural gases and primordial gases exist in the deep of the earth.
 In 1990 s,the relationship between the characteristics of noble gases and the global geological structure has been studied.The physical and chemical qualities of noble gases in various samples have been investigated.Furthermore,many new viewpoints are suggested,which mainly include:the primordial components of He and Ne are of solar type;there are probably several mantle sources of noble gas with different characteristics;the passage of mantle plume could migrate by the expanding of the crust;diamond with high retention for noble gases,may be used to study the state of noble gases in the deep mantle;the pattern of the interaction between hot spot plume and oceanic lithosphere may summarize as three types:Hawaii,Iceland,and Reunion.
  Although a great deal of works in this field have been done,there are still many debatable problems,for example,the40Ar/36Ar ratio in the lower mantle,the mechanism of mantle degassing,the degassing in the lower mantle,and the characteristic of noble gases in the mantle-core boundary and the core area.