陕南秦巴山区植被生态功能的价值测评

根据秦巴山区20世纪末植被类型及覆盖度的分布,在GIS支持下测定秦巴山区植被生产和生态调节的物质量。利用生态经济学方法,测定各类植被生态功能的价值,建立秦巴山区植被生态数据库及植被生态账户。生态服务功能价值测评中,充分考虑了不同类型的覆盖度差异,并结合能量平衡、水量平衡和区域蒸散模式,测评结果表明：陕南秦巴山区植被生态系统有机质生产价值为199.6×108 元/a;植被保持土壤经济价值为22.64×108元/a;植被涵养水源的经济价值为22.66×108 元/a;植被固定CO2价值为352.24×108元/a;释放O₂价值为374.19×108 元/a;陕南秦巴山区植被有机物生产、保持土壤、涵养水源、固定CO₂和释放O₂ 5种生态服务功能价值共968.33×108 元/a。其中温带落叶阔叶林贡献率最高占29.35%,亚热带竹林、亚高山灌丛、草甸草原、山麓果树生态服务价值比重均在1%以下。

The Valuation of Ecological Services from the Vegetation Ecosystems in the Qinling-Daba Mountains

Based on the characteristics of eco-environment in the Qinling-Daba Mountains of Shaanxi Province, according to differences of the vegetation types and coverage in the Qinling-Daba Mountains, combined with the advance of new research, this paper explores the theory and methods for the valuation of the vegetations ecosystem services, establishes the data basis of vegetation ecosystem, GIS and vegetation eco-account. By determining vegetation productions and eco-adjusted mass, taking advantage of the theory and methods on ecology-economics, the paper studies the value of the vegetation ecosystem services. The results show that: (1) the value of land-vegetation's primary productivity is 199.6 billion yuan/a; (2) the value of vegetation's soil and fertilization conservation is 22.64 billion yuan/a; (3) the value of vegetation water conservation is 22.66 billion yuan/a; (4) the value of fixing CO 2 and releasing O 2 is 352.24 billion yuan/a and 374.19 billion yuan/a respectively; and (5) the total value of ecosystem services is 968.33 billion yuan/a. The rate of contribution to the temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest is the highest, accounting for 29.35% of the total value.