地质调查助力碳达峰碳中和目标实现的路径浅析

2030年前实现碳达峰,2060年前实现碳中和是2020年我国提出的国家重大战略目标。以当前我国的二氧化碳排放及能源结构现状,要实现这一伟大目标形势十分严峻。介绍了全球碳循环过程,阐述了碳源与碳汇对于大气CO₂浓度的贡献,从减源与增汇2个方面,初步分析了地质调查在推动碳达峰与碳中和目标实现中的作用与可能的贡献,并提出了地质解决路径。生态碳汇固然非常重要,但仍不能完全消除人为CO₂排放,且其具有不确定性,因此,需要充分发挥地质调查作用、挖掘地质碳汇潜力,使其成为实现碳中和目标过程中不可或缺的有力支撑。

Analysis of the role of geological survey on the roadmap design for realizing the goal of carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality

China has committed to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060, which is a national grand strategy for China in 2020. However, it is an extremely big challenge to realize these goals considering China’s current huge CO₂ emissions and energy consumption structure. The authors introduced the global carbon cycle and analyzed the contributions of carbon sources and sinks to the atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Besides, the roal and possible contributions of geological survey on promoting carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality were analyzed from two aspects, which were reducing CO₂ emissions and increasing CO₂ sinks, and the corresponding geological route was also put forward. Although the natural ecological carbon sinks are important, it is still impossible to eliminate all artificial CO₂ emissions, with some indeterminacy. Therefore, geological survey potential and the geological sink potential should be fully exerted to be an indispensable support for realizing the carbon neutrality goal.