基于无人机倾斜摄影的三维数字露头表征技术

随着地质研究目标精细化和复杂化，地质体表征的尺度越来越小，难度越来越大，已有储层分布及预测的方法亟待改进。基于此，在分析传统野外地质考察局限性的基础上，介绍了无人机装置与倾斜摄影的技术特点，提出了基于无人机倾斜摄影的三维数字露头表征技术，利用无人机采集野外露头模型进行了储层构型分析。研究表明:1）传统野外地质考察至少有七方面的局限性；2）无人机倾斜摄影有明显的创新性和技术优势。采集处理后的数据模型带有三维坐标信息（经度、纬度、海拔）与图像信息，可以准确表征模型中任意位置点坐标和图像，因此，三维野外露头构型分析有了良好的资料基础；3）通过实例分析发现，采集处理后的模型精度高（分辨率约3~5 cm），对砂体内部结构认识的定量化与精细化程度增高。无人机倾斜摄影技术不仅使数字露头成为现实，也是辅助地质学家进行高效野外考察的可靠技术。

3D Digital Outcrop Characterization Technology based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Oblique Photography

With the fine and complicate target of geological study,the scale of the geological body characterization is smaller and more difficult. Reservoir distribution patterns and the existing prediction methods need to be improved. This paper reviews the traditional limitations of field geological investigation,and introduced technical features of un-manned aerial vehicle(UAV)and oblique photography, based on which it is proposed that the 3D digital outcrop characterization technique with UAV oblique photography. Subsequently, reservoir architecture patterns are analyzed by UAV collection model for instance. Research shows that seven aspects of the limitations of traditional geological in-vestigation. However,UAV oblique photography has obvious technology advantages and innovative aspects. The col-lection and processing 3D digital model have anywhere location coordinate and image information, which fully meet the field outcrop architecture analysis. Example analysis found that collection and processing model architecture analy-sis of high resolution about 3~5 centimeter,architecture of sand body was researched more quantitatively and fine un-derstanding. UAV oblique photography technology not only make digital outcrop to become a reality, but also to im-prove efficiency of geologists field outcrop investigation.