2008年贵州罕见低温雨雪冰冻灾害成因及影响分析

2008年1月下半月到2月上半月,贵州所遭遇的历史罕见的低温雨雪冰冻灾害,具有降温幅度大、持续时间长、影响范围广、冰冻灾害重等特点.文中分析了这次灾害的可能成因及其影响.分析表明,2007年8月发生的拉尼娜事件所造成的大气环流异常是导致贵州大范围持续低温雨雪冰冻灾害的重要原因.乌拉尔山地区环流场偏高,中亚至蒙古国西部直到俄罗斯远东地区偏低的环流异常持续时间长,有利于冷空气自西北向东南活动:西太平洋副热带高压异常偏西偏北及青藏高原南缘的南支槽异常稳定活跃,有利于暖湿气流不断向云贵高原输送,为贵州雨(雪)天气提供更充足的水汽来源.分析还表明,逆温层的长时间维持是贵州大范围冻雨持续出现的主要原因.这场低温冰冻灾害给贵州春运、能源电力、农业、林业、居民生活等造成了极大的影响.

Cause and Influence Analysis of the Rare Low-temperature Freezing Disaster in Guizhou in 2008

Extreme low temperature,heavy snowstorm and frost disasters occurred in Guizhou in January of 2008.The disasters were unprecedented owing to their national-wide influences,their infrequent intensity,and the long lasting periods of low temperature,snowstorm and frost days.They led to huge losses in Guizhou.In this paper,the possible climatic causes are analyzed.Results show that the La Nina event began in August 2007 and developed very quickly.It led to the anomalous general circulations in the Northern Hemi...