北京大型居住区居民通勤行为对比研究——以望京居住区和天通苑居住区为例

郊区化的过程中,居住-就业均衡性存在解体和重构的过程。以北京郊区两个大型居住区——望京居住区和天通苑居住区作为研究对象,通过问卷调查的方式获取了居民居住、就业以及通勤等方面的相关数据。研究表明:通勤时间较长是近郊大型居住区居民的共性,但由于大型居住区功能定位的差异以及所在区位和道路体系的差异,单一型居住区和混合型居住区也存在高峰通勤出行时间、通勤工具选择和通勤流向等通勤行为的差异。对这些主要影响因素加以合理规划,对解决郊区化过程造成的制住分离加剧问题具有重要作用。

The Analysis of Commuting Behavior in the Huge Residential Districts.A Case Study of Wangjing and Tiantongyuan in Beijing

The relationship between the jobs and residents changed rapidly with the development of the suburbanization.The balance between jobs-housing locations in China was disintegrated and reconstructed during the periods of reform and rapid economic development. Beijing, the capital of China, was also faced with the urbanization and suburbanization during the past 30 years.This study chose Wangjing and Tiantongyuan, which are two huge residential districts located in suburbs of Beijing, as the cases, and tried to find out the commuting behavior in Beijing based on the data from two questionnaires answered apart in 2005 and 2010.The Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial analysis were used to compare the commuting behavior.The questionnaires include the information about the residents, employment and commuting.The results of the questionnaires show that the residents at Wangjing and Tiantongyuan spent more than 40 minutes on the signal way to work places.So the long time commuting is the common characteristic of the residents in suburban districts.But for different functions for the residential districts, Wangjing is a more mixed district than Tiantongyuan.And the departure time in the morning, the choice of the traffic ways and the commuting flow are different between Wangjing and Tiantongyuan.The main factors that cause these differences include the location of the residential districts, the traffic system and the functional planning of the districts. Mixed land use in suburban areas, and the well planned road system will be helpful to reduce the separation distance between jobs and housing developed with the suburbanization