浙江省制造业空间分异格局及其影响因素

基于中国规模以上工业企业数据,运用标准差椭圆、空间自相关、热点分析和核密度估计等多种空间统计方法,从省域、区域、县域及县域以下多个空间尺度,对1998年、2003年、2008年和2013年浙江省制造业企业空间分异格局进行点、面结合测度,并运用地理探测器,解析影响全省以及杭嘉湖绍、宁台温舟和金衢丽三大区域制造业企业空间分布的地理因子。结果表明：① 浙江省制造业企业空间集聚程度呈递减态势,空间分布沿着“西南-东北-西北”的Z字型路径向外扩散; ② 浙江制造业经历了“三核并立”-“三核多中心”-“三核连片发展多中心”空间分异格局; ③ 环杭州湾地区一直处于全省制造业热点地区,浙江省冷热点区域空间格局大体呈现“东北-西南”的走向; ④ 影响全省制造业企业分异格局的核心因素主要为信息化、地形、市场规模、城镇化和技术创新等,影响三大区域制造业空间布局的核心因素存在时空差异性。

Spatial Differentiation Pattern of Manufacturing Industry in Zhejiang and Its Influencing Factors

Chinese manufacturing industry has undergone spatial restructuring since reform and opening up. The rapid economic development of the eastern coastal areas under the background of globalization has become the core area of China's manufacturing industry. Based on Chinese industrial enterprises data, using multiple spatial data analysis such as the standard deviation ellipse, the global spatial autocorrelation, hotspot analysis and kernel density estimation, from multiple spatial scales such as the provincial, regional, county and sub-county scale, this paper analyzes the levels of spatial agglomeration, spatial distribution and variation pattern of manufacturing in Zhejiang Province in the year of 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2013. This paper uses the geographical detector tool to analysis the spatial differentiation pattern manufacturing enterprises in Zhejiang from provincial to sub-provincial scale. The results show that: Firstly, from 1998 to 2013, the spatial agglomeration degree of the manufacturing enterprises in Zhejiang province is decreasing, and the spatial distribution is spread out along the z-path of "southwest - northeast - northwest". Secondly, Zhejiang's manufacturing industry experienced "three core parallel" -- "three core, multi-center" -- "three core expanding, multi-center" spatial differentiation pattern. Thirdly, the Hangzhou Bay area has been in the hotspots of the whole province. The spatial layout of the hotspot in Zhejiang province generally presents the trend of "northeast-southwest". Lastly, the core factors that affect the differentiation pattern of manufacturing enterprises in the whole province are informatization level, terrain, market scale, urbanization level and technological innovation, etc. The geographical environment, economic basement and the process of development have spatial heterogeneity, which lead to spatial-temporal differences between the core factors that influence the spatial distribution of the manufacturing enterprises of three regions.