超声波/声波钻头/取心器装置

目前,对宇宙中生命迹象的探索是世界各国所关注的最重要的目标之一。美国宇航局研制了由超声波或者声波驱动器驱动的一系列超声波/声波钻头/取心器（USDC）,用来进行空间探测并提取岩石、冰与土壤样品,以及进行原位分析。此设备在声波频率下,超声波压电驱动器驱动中间的自由质量块进而冲击钻头来进行采样。目前所制造的超声波钻头/取心器（USDC）装置能够取出岩心和岩屑,在未来的行星探测中,有着非常重要的优点。主要介绍USDC的优点、各装置的结构及其性能特点,以供我国月球探测工程及未来深空探测参考借鉴。

Ultrasonic/Sonic Driller and Coring Device

At present,the search for existing or past life in the universe is one of the most important objectives of international society.Instruments USDC that are driven by an ultrasonic/sonic actuator are developed for rock,ice and soil probing and sampling to conduct in-situ astrobiology analysis.Through the use of an intermediate free-mass,this mechanism is driven by an ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator that impacts a bit at sonic frequencies.Ultrasonic/sonic driller/corer（USDC） can deliver both core and rock cuttings.This paper mainly introduces USDC about the advantages,the mechanism and the property;and discusses the lunar exploration project and future deep space exploration.