中国油气盆地基本地质特征

本文阐述了中国含油气盆地所处的中国大陆板块位置和中国地壳多阶段的发展,强烈的后期活动和改造,以及中新生界以河湖相为主大陆内部沉积。并总结中国油气盆地一系列特征。指出不能简单认为大盆地就一定有大油田,油气在盆地分配不均一性,与其生成、运移、聚集和保存等因素有关,特别是与这些因素的有效组合有关。盆地的类型、风格、领域与此有关的盆地分析,是油气资源估价和选区的地质基础。

BASIC GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHINA PETROLIFEROUS BASINS

This paper has expounded China petroliferous basins' positions in the continental plate, multi-stage development of China crust, intensive post activities and reworkings, and Mesozoic and Cenozoic intracontinental sediments dominated by fluvial and lacustrine facies. And the paper also shows that the basins have the following characteristics: (1) located in modern continental margins of different natures, (2) three types of Mesozoic and Cenozoic basins, different in natures, consisting of the main body of China sedimentary basins, (3)having multiple Cratonic margins rimmed by Mesozoic and Cenozoic folds and with front superposition, (4) Archeozoic-early Proterozoic granulite and amphibolite making up the large uplift within Caledonian platform. The paper also points out that a large basin does not mean a large oilfield, and the uneven distribution of oil and gas has something to do with their generation, migration, accumulation and preservation, especially with the effective combination of these factors. The types, styles, ranges and related analysis of petroliferous basins have always attracted Chinese petroleum geologists' attention since decades ago, because these studies provide a geological basis for evaluation of oil-gas resources and selection of target areas.