黄土丘陵区人地关系演变与土地利用决策研究——以宁夏固原市上黄试区为例

以宁夏固原市上黄试区为例,基于土地的属性特征,构建了土地自然属性及社会属性指数,探讨了不同时期人地关系演变特征。结果表明:1982年,上黄试区土地自然属性相对较低而社会属性相对较高,土地利用行为特点是通过对土地资源的广度开发求得生存与发展,土地利用效益差,人地关系紧张;1982—2000年,在科技因素的引导下,土地的自然属性增强,土地利用结构得到优化,土地利用效益明显提升,人地关系缓和;2000—2010年,在政策因素的影响下,土地自然属性继续提升,土地利用效益进一步提高,人地关系和谐。整个研究期内,在科技和政策因素的驱动下,人地关系不断协调发展,土地利用的可持续性不断提高。

Study on Land Use Decision-Making and Evolution of Man-Land Relationshipn in Loess Hilly Region:A Case Study in Shanghuang Test Area in Guyuan City of Ningxia

In order to understand the characteristics of man-land relationship in the Loess hilly region,based on the character of land attributes,this paper structured the index of land natural attributes and social attributes,analyzed the characteristics of man-land relationship in different periods in Loess hilly region.The results show that compared with the whole study period,the land natural attributes was relatively low,while the social attributes was relatively high in 1982.The main characteristics of man-land relationship and land use decision-making in this period are the expansion of land resources in order to survival and development,the local people continuous reclaimed new arable land,which resulted in poor land use efficiency and the serious man-land relationship.During the periods of comprehensive control of soil erosion,under the guidance of science and technology factors,the local people adjusted the land use structure,the characteristics of land attributes were that the land natural attributes increased while the land social attributes decreased,and the land use efficiency is obviously improved,and the man-land re lationship has been eased.Due to the policy factor of returning cultivated land to forests and grassland,the characteristics of land attributes were that the land natural attributes continued to increase while the land social attributes continued to decrease from 2000 to 2010,and the land use efficiency has been further promoted,the harmony between man and land has been promoted.Throughout the study period,under the driving forces of science,technology and policy,the man-land relationship is constantly developing and the sustainability of land resource continues to improve.