Observations and modeling of wave-supported sediment gravity flows on the Po prodelta and comparison to prior observations from the Eel shelf |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China;2. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands;3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China;4. Deltares, Marine and Coastal Systems, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands;5. College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, 1st XiKang Road, 210098 Nanjing, China;1. Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy\n;2. School of Geography, Queen Mary, University of London, London, United Kingdom\n;1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Architettura (DIA), Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 181/A, Parma 43124, Italy;2. Department of Computer Science, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;3. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento, 2, Bologna 40136 Italy |
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| Abstract: | A mooring and tripod array was deployed from the fall of 2002 through the spring of 2003 on the Po prodelta to measure sediment transport processes associated with sediment delivered from the Po River. Observations on the prodelta revealed wave-supported gravity flows of high concentration mud suspensions that are dynamically and kinematically similar to those observed on the Eel shelf Traykovski, P., Geyer, W.R., Irish, J.D., Lynch, J.F., 2000. The role of wave-induced density-driven fluid mud flows for cross-shelf transport on the Eel River continental shelf. Continental Shelf Research 20, 2113–2140]. Due to the dynamic similarity between the two sites, a simple one-dimensional (1D) across-shelf model with the appropriate bottom boundary condition was used to examine fluxes associated with this transport mechanism at both locations. To calculate the sediment concentrations associated with the wave-dominated and wave-current resuspension, a bottom boundary condition using a reference concentration was combined with an “active layer” formulation to limit the amount of sediment in suspension. Whereas the wave-supported gravity flow mechanism dominated the transport on the Eel shelf, on the Po prodelta flux due to this mechanism is equal in magnitude to transport due to wave resuspension and wind-forced mean currents in the cross-shore direction. Southward transport due to wave resuspension and wind forced mean currents move an order of magnitude more sediment along-shore than the down-slope flux associated wave-supported gravity flows. |
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