三维冰雹分档强对流云数值模式研究Ⅱ.冰雹粒子的分布特征

在第一部分研究工作的基础上，为便于分析，将冰雹的21档按照一般关于冰雹分类的定义重新划分为5类:小冰粒子(直径D＜1mm)、霰与雹胚(1mm＜D＜5mm)、小雹(5mm＜D＜10mm)、典型雹(10mm＜D＜25mm)、大雹(D＞25mm)。研究了每一类粒子的分布及演变特征。并给出了悬垂区、云砧，上下气流区等冰雹粒子谱分布及演变情况，提出了多单体雹暴中各尺度的冰粒子通过主次单体之间的运动循环机制对冰雹形成及增长的作用及贡献。最后将冰雹分档谱与Marshall-Palmer谱作了比较分析。

A Study of Three-Dimensional Hail-Category Hailstorm Model Part Ⅱ: Characteristics of Hail-Category Size Distribution

Based on the first part of this study, five sub-category divisions are made according to generally defined terminology of hail and graupel in order to simplify analyses of the 21 hail categories in the hail category model. These five re-divided sub-category divisions are: small ice particles (D< 1 mm), graupel and hail embryos (1 mm< D< 5 mm), small hailstones (5 mm< D< l0 mm), typical hail- stones (10 mm< D< 25 mm), and large hailstones (D > 25 mm). The characteristics of distribution and evolution of each category of ice particles as well as the size distribution of hail and graupel in the re- gions of overhang, anvils, up-and down-draft are presented. The mechanism of kinematical recirculation growth of ice particles of each category and the contribution to the formation and growth of hail are discussed. Comparisons of hail size distribution from hail category model and that from Marshall-Palmer assumption are also shown at the end part of this paper.