Simulations and analyses of train-induced ground vibrations in finite element models

Analyses of the actual vibration measurements and the results from the mathematical and numerical models have been performed in both the frequency and time domains. The conclusions from these analyses were that two-dimensional models could be used in order to study certain effects of train-induced ground vibrations, but that three-dimensional analyses are necessary to achieve a better simulation of the problem. All these analyses were linear elastic. It was, however, found in the three-dimensional analyses that relatively large shear strains existed in the embankment and in the soft soil layers just beneath the railway embankment. These shear strains were taken into consideration through iterative reduction of the shear modulus of the materials where large shear strains were calculated.