2021年度自然科学基金申请书关键词透视地理科学研究前沿热点与发展方向

地理科学是提升人类对地球表层认知、探索人地关系、解决资源、环境、发展所面临的复杂问题的重要支撑。引领科学发展，支撑领域人才队伍的建设与培育，是国家自然科学基金委员会的使命与职责。追踪地理科学领域前沿，优化学科布局并开展战略引导是基金委地理科学学科工作的重要任务。以2021年国家自然科学基金地理科学领域4 479项申请书为样本，运用词云分析方法，对申请书的关键词进行统计分析，剖析了地理科学及各分支学科的研究热点。结果表明：“深度学习”“气候变化”“生态系统服务”“高光谱遥感”“青藏高原”“可持续发展”等是2021年地理科学研究内容与方法的热点关键词。在分支学科间交叉融合方面，信息地理学与人文地理学的共现关键词主要有“空间分析模型”“地理信息系统”“遥感”“机器学习”等；自然地理学与人文地理学的共现关键词主要有“生态系统服务”“土地利用”“土地利用变化”“可持续发展”“情景分析”等；自然地理学与信息地理学的共现关键词主要有“遥感监测”“尺度效应”“机器学习”“数字土壤制图”等。未来，国家自然科学基金委员会将从关键词设置、学科间交叉融合等途径入手，进一步从战略层面优化地理科学研究布局，引导科学家聚焦地理学基础理论与热点前沿问题，服务碳中和、乡村振兴等国家重大战略需求。

Frontier Hotspots and Development Directions of Geographical Science Re-search:From a Perspective of National Natural Science Foundation Application Keywords in 2021

Geographical Science is an important support for improving human understanding of the earth surface, exploring the relationship between man and land, and solving complex problems in resources, environment, development, and disasters. It is the mission and duty of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) to lead scientific development and support the construction and cultivation of talent teams in all fields. Tracking the frontiers in the field of geographical science, optimizing the discipline layout and conducting strategic guidance are important tasks of the geographical science division of the NSFC. In this study, taking 4 479 applications in the field of geographical science of the NSFC in 2021 as samples, the word cloud analysis method was used to analyze the research hotspots of geographic science and various sub-disciplines. The results show that ‘deep learning’‘climate change’ ‘ecosystem services’‘hyperspectral remote sensing’‘Qinghai-Tibet Plateau’, and “sustainable development” are the hotspots of the research contents and methods of geographical science. In terms of intercross and fusion between sub-disciplines, the intercross of research hotspots between information geography and human geography is relatively weak, and the main common keywords are ‘spatial analysis model’ ‘geographic information system’ ‘remote sensing’, and ‘machine learning’. Hot keywords of Physical Geography and Human Geography are highly cross-integrated, and the hot common keywords include ‘ecosystem services’‘land use’‘land use change’‘sustainable development’ and ‘scenario analysis’. In the future, the NSFC-Division of Geography will start with keywords setting and interdisciplinary integration in order to further optimize the layout of Geographical Science from the strategic level, guide scientists to focus on frontier issues in Geography, and serve major national strategies such as carbon neutrality and rural revitalization.