面向可持续发展目标的西部水土资源评估北大核心CSCDCSSCI

新时代西部大开发要形成新格局,解决西部发展不平衡不充分的问题,就要提高西部水土资源的利用效率,走可持续发展的道路。计算水土资源承载能力和水土资源对可持续发展目标实现的贡献情况,对制定合理的资源开发策略支撑西部发展十分重要。本文从水土资源承载压力和水土资源对可持续发展目标实现的贡献两个方面构建西部水土资源评估体系,选取水土资源承载力评价、水土资源匹配度评价和水土资源可持续发展贡献评价方法,评估西部13个省份的水土资源承载压力、水土资源匹配度、水土资源可持续发展贡献状态和潜力。结果显示西部水土资源压力指数在0.44~0.98之间,低于全国平均水平。水土资源匹配度指数为1.66,高于全国平均水平。对比全国,西部水土资源可持续发展贡献指数为0.49,接近全国平均水平,可持续发展水平趋势向好,整体存在很大潜力,但不同省市内部差异较大,水土资源可持续发展需要提高水土资源的可持续利用管理水平。西部整体评估对西部大开发战略政策制定具有一定的借鉴意义,西部各省份水土资源状况评估结果可对西部水土资源利用政策制定提供一定参考。

Assessment of land and water resources in Western China for the Sustainable Development Goals

In order to form a new pattern in the new era of Western Development and solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development in Western China, it is necessary to improve the utilization efficiency of land and water resources and take the road of sustainable development in the western region. It is critical to evaluate the carrying capacity of land and water resources and the contribution of land and water resources. To realize the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is of great significance to formulate reasonable resource development strategies to support the economic development of the western region. This paper constructs an evaluation system of land and water resources in Western China from two aspects: the carrying pressure of land and water resources, and the contribution of land and water resources to the realization of the SDGs. The evaluation model of land and water resources carrying capacity is selected to evaluate the carrying pressure of land and water resources in 13 provincial-level areas (hereafter provinces) of the western region. The matching coefficient of land and water resources is selected to evaluate the coordination degree of land and water resources in the 13 provinces. The contribution status and potential of land and water resources to sustainable development in the 13 provinces are evaluated by the contribution evaluation method of sustainable development of land and water resources. The results shows that the pressure index of land and water resources in the western region is between 0.44 and 0.98, lower than the national average. The matching index of land and water resources is 1.66, higher than the national average level. The contribution index of sustainable development of land and water resources in Western China is 0.49, close to the national average. The trend of sustainable development is good, and there is great potential on the whole, but there are great differences among provinces. Land and water resources development needs to improve the sustainable level of land and water resources management and utilization. The overall evaluation of the western region has certain reference significance for the formulation of strategic policies for the development of Western China. The evaluation results of land and water resources in the 13 provinces can provide some reference for formulating land and water resources utilization policies in the western region.