乡村地域系统人-地-业要素互馈机制研究

乡村振兴需要系统化的理论支持,人-地-业要素是乡村地域系统的核心,探索乡村地域系统结构及其人-地-业要素互馈如何塑造乡村发展动力不仅有现实迫切性,更有重要学术意义。论文运用逻辑分析法对乡村地域系统人-地-业要素互馈机制进行考察。结果表明：乡村地域系统可分为本底要素、直接要素与间接要素三大子系统,本底要素是乡村发展的“基础台”,直接要素是乡村发展主体,而间接要素是乡村发展的“调节器”;人-地-业互馈的科学内涵是通过相互作用来优化要素数量组合与空间匹配而塑造乡村发展动力,驱动乡村地域系统向优化状态迁移;人-地-业要素互馈机制框架中三者存在相互作用路径,是一个联动互馈环,有动态性、传播性与关联性特征;人-地-业要素互馈理论框架可为农业农村现代化、村庄规划、全域土地综合整治等乡村振兴工作提供理论支持;人-地-业要素互馈耦合调控实际上是塑造乡村发展动力的过程,应根据互馈路径在综合权衡基础上确定互馈调控强度与方向。

The mutual feedback mechanism of human-land-industry factors of the rural regional system

Nowadays the rural revitalization work in China needs a systematical theory to support its implementation, however few studies have addressed the rural development mechanism. As human-land-industry factors are the core of rural regional system (RRS), the exploration of the structure of RRS and how the mutual feedbacks among human-land-industry factors shapes the development impetus of RRS is not only urgently needed in reality, but also of great significance to academic research. Thus, this paper studies the mutual feedbacks among human-land-industry factors of RRS by logic analysis approach, to investigate how these feedbacks promote rural development. The results indicate that the RRS can be divided into three subsystems, namely, the background element, direct element and indirect element subsystem, of which background element subsystem is ‘the basic platform’, which is decisive for RRS development, including the location, hydrology, soil, climate and other resources and environmental conditions of providing physical basis. The direct element subsystem is the main body of rural development, including the human, capital, land and other production factors. The indirect element subsystem is the ‘regulator’ for RRS development, including the institution and policy, culture and customs and other social capital. The scientific connotation of the mutual feedbacks among human-land-industry elements is to optimize the quantitative combination and spatial matching of factors through interactions among human-land-industry elements, to create the internal driving force of rural development, and to drive RRS to the optimal status. According to the theoretical framework of Factor-Structure-Function, the development force of RRS comes from the structure optimization on the one hand, and from the improvement of factor level like population quality and land use efficiency on the other hand. The interactive paths among human-land-industry factors of RRS is a linkage mutual feedback loop, characterized mainly by dynamics, propagation and relevance. The theoretical framework of human-land-industry factors in this research can provide theoretical supports for actual works of agricultural and rural modernization, village planning and comprehensive land consolidation. The coupling regulation of human-land-industry elements of RRS is essentially a process of creating the endogenous development dynamics for RRS, therefore, the strength, direction and contents of coupling regulation measures should be determined based on the comprehensive trade-offs, according to the proposed framework.