Temporal distributions of anthropogenic Al,Zn and Pb in Hong Kong Porites coral during the last two centuries |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queens Rd., Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK;2. School of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3AN, UK;3. Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;1. Earth Observatory of Singapore, Division of Earth Sciences, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore;2. Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA;3. Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas — Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;4. Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 1 Cau Da Street, Nha Trang City, Vietnam;1. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;2. Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3315, USA;3. Canadian Light Source, University of Saskatchewan, SKS Canada, Saskatoon S7N 0X4, Canada;4. Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8567, Japan;5. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan;1. Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore;2. Center of Environmental Sensing and Modelling, Singapore-MIT Alliance on Research and Technology, Singapore;3. Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;4. National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;5. Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;6. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore;7. College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;8. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA |
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| Abstract: | A 182-year long record of trace metal concentrations of aluminum, zinc and lead was reconstructed from a massive Porites coral skeleton from southeastern Hong Kong to evaluate the impacts of anthropogenic activity on the marine environment. Zn/Ca and Pb/Ca ratios fluctuate synchronously from the early 19th century to the present, indicating that the marine environment has been anthropogenically influenced since industrialization. Additionally, land reclamation, mining, and ship building activities are recorded by elevated Al/Ca ratios from 1900 to 1950. The coral record indicates that high levels of Zn, Pb and Al occur coincidentally with local wars, and may have contributed to partial colony mortality. Pb/Ca does not correlate well with hemispheric proxy records after 1950, indicating that coastal corals may be recording local rather than hemispheric contamination. Pb/Ca levels in Hong Kong, Guangdong and Hainan corals imply a continuous supply of Pb-based contamination to southern China not reflected in hemispheric signals. |
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