广州地区蔬菜生产基地有机污染物含量状况及分布

为了解广州地区蔬菜基地有机污染物的分布情况,选取了6个代表性基地进行调查采样,测试分析了表层土壤、蔬菜及灌溉水中15种邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)化合物、16种多环芳烃(PAHs)化合物和19种有机氯农药(OCPs)化合物的质量分数及质量浓度.结果表明:在15种PAEs化合物的总质量分数(w(ΣPAEs))中,土壤样品为158.0~4 321.0 ng/g,蔬菜样品为1 134.0~48 576.0 ng/g;水样中15种PAEs化合物的总质量浓度(ρ(ΣPAEs))为632.0~14 271.0 ng/L;就单个化合物而言,以DiBP、DBP、DEHP三种污染物为主,其三项之和占所有PAEs质量分数的97.5%~99.1%;在16种PAHs化合物的总质量分数(w(ΣPAHs))中,土壤样品为28.48~1 121.96 ng/g,蔬菜样品为238.09~1 000.61 ng/g;水样中16种PAHs化合物的总质量浓度(ρ(ΣPAHs))为338.21~1 239.78 ng/L;在19种OCPs化合物的总质量分数(w(ΣOCPs))中,土壤为0.04~71.28 ng/g,蔬菜为1.08~9.18 ng/g.总体上看,各基地土壤中DBP质量分数均超标,多环芳烃类在灵山、花东、黄埔菜地土壤中存在轻微污染,有机氯农药均未出现污染.

Concentrations and Distributions of Organic Pollutants in Typical Vegetable Fields in Guangzhou,China

In order to find out the distribution characteristics of organic pollutants in typical vegetable fields in Guangzhou, fifteen phthalic acid esters (PAEs ), sixteen polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs),and nineteen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs)in twenty nine soil samples, fourteen vegetable samples,and seven water samples from six vegetable fields were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Total contents of the fifteen PAE compounds (∑PAEs) range from 158.0 to 4 321.0 ng/g in all soil samples,from 1 134.0 to 48 576.0 ng/g in all vegetable samples,and from 632.0 to 14 271.0 ng/L in all water samples.For each single PAE compound, concentrations of DiBP,DBP,and DEHP are substantial,and three of them take for 97.5% to 99.1%. Total contents of the sixteen PAH compounds (∑ PAHs)range from 28.48 to 1 121.96 ng/g in all soils,from 238.09 to 1 000.61 ng/g in all vegetables,and from 338.21 to 1 239.78 ng/L in all water samples.Total contents of the nineteen OCP compounds (∑OCPs)range from 0.04 to 71.28 ng/g in all soils,from 1.08 to 9.18 ng/g in all vegetable samples.The concentrations of DBP in all the soil samples exceed the control limit of soil PAEs in USA.The soils in Lingshan,Huadong,Huangpu vegetable fields are slightly contaminated by PAHs;while all the soil samples are not polluted by OCPs.