软岩相似材料配比实验研究

为制作软岩的相似模拟材料，选用河砂为骨料、石灰和石膏作为胶结物、铁砂为增密剂、甘油为增塑剂、硼砂与水结合混合溶液为黏结材料，建立了4因素4水平的正交试验方案，进行了相似材料试样的物理力学性质实验，并通过实验结果的极差分析、方差分析及损伤分析，获得了相似材料各成分变化对试样物理力学性质的影响规律。结果表明，影响相似材料密度和力学性质的主要因素分别为河砂与铁砂的比例和甘油与石灰石膏的比例，而试样在最大荷载作用下损伤值为0.85~0.97范围，其基本已破坏。基于本文得到的相似材料物理力学性质指标，在目标强度和相似比确定的情况下，可以设计软岩相似材料的最优配比方案，满足软岩材料有关的相似试验要求。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PROPORTION OF SIMILAR MATERIALS OF SOFT ROCK

To obtain similar materials of soft rock, the experiment selects river sand as aggregate, lime and gypsum as cement, iron sand as densification agent, glycerol as plasticizer, and borax combined with water as the anchoring material. It establishes orthogonal test scheme with 4 factors and 4 levels, and conducts the physical and mechanical experiment of similar materials. Through the range analysis, variance analysis and damage analysis of the test results, the study summarizes the effect law of component changes in similar materials on the physical and mechanical properties of the specimen. The results show that the main factors, which affect the density and mechanical properties of similar materials, are the proportion of river sand to iron sand and the proportion of glycerol to lime and gypsum, respectively. Under the maximum load, the specimen is basically damaged, with its damage value between 0.85-0.97. Based on the physical and mechanical properties of similar materials obtained by the paper, the optimal proportion scheme of similar materials can be designed, to meet the requirements of similarity test related to soft rock material, with the fixed target strength and similarity ratio.