边坡失稳过程模型试验研究

采用一个1 m×2 m×4 m（高×宽×长）的模型槽，对素土和加筋土边坡的失稳破坏过程进行了详细的试验研究。试验设计了30°、45°和60°共3种坡度，坡面考虑了平面和凸面两种形式。通过倾斜模型槽，触发模型边坡失稳破坏，利用数码摄像机采集边坡破坏的发生、发展过程和最终形态，并对裂缝的开展、滑坡体形态以及模型槽倾斜角度进行了归纳总结。结果表明：边坡破坏呈现三维形态，坡度和坡面形状对滑体形态影响较大；同一坡度下，凸坡较平坡容易失稳，二者裂缝位置基本一致；加筋后，提高了边坡稳定性，破坏形态也发生改变。研究成果有助于更深入了解边坡失稳破坏过程及破坏形态，为边坡治理提供科学依据。

Model test study of slope failure progress

A model test was performed to study the failure progress of natural and reinforced slopes by a model box with the size of 1 m×2 m×4 m.The tests included three different grade angles of slope(30°,45° and 60°) and two patterns of slope surface(flat and convex).The failure of slope was induced by tilting the model box and the failure progress was recorded with digital camera.The crack propagation,form of landslide mass and gradient angle of the box were summarized and analyzed.The results show that the form of slope failure is three dimensional and depends on the grade angles and patterns of slope;given the same grade angle,the flat is more stable than the convex but almost same in crack location;the reinforced slope is more stable and has a different failure form.The study results are useful to understand better the progress and form of slope failure,and provide a scientific base for treatment of landslide.