试论尾矿库安全监测的现状及前景

尾矿库作为矿山生产的重要元素,同时也是矿山的重大危险源和环境污染源。近年来,国内外尾矿库安全事故频频发生,且呈现不断上升的趋势,不但使企业经济蒙受损失,更对人民的生命财产安全与和谐的生态环境造成严重的危害,尾矿库的安全问题已经成为岩土工程防灾减灾的重要研究课题。本文论述了尾矿库的安全现状及其危害性,列举了国内外重特大尾矿库溃坝灾害的案例并对典型案例发生的原因进行了简要分析,说明了国内目前采用的几种尾矿库安全监测方法的原理、成效及其局限性,指出了实时全天候监测技术的必要性、特点以及所要面临的技术理论问题。

Discussion on the situation and prospect of safeguard for tailing pond

As an important part of productive mine,tailing pond is also a great hazard and pollution sources.Recently,there are many accidents of tailing pond at home and abroad.It took a huge number of losses to the economy,the environment,as well as the safety and property of people.The safety of tailing pond has become one of the important long-standing research works in disaster prevention and mitigation of geotechnical engineering.It was discussed about the situation and hazardness of tailing pond,listed and analysed some disasters of dam break in tailing pond both at home and abroad,also illustrated the principles,effectiveness and limitations of some common safety monitoring methods in tailing pond in China.The necessity and characteristic of real-time monitoring technology are indicated in this paper.The theoretical and technical problems to be researched for real-time monitoring technology are outlined with its application prospect appraised.