基于雷击分类体系的雷电电位差效应分析

鉴于雷击分类目前缺乏完整的体系,根据雷击危害方式对雷击进行了综合研究,将间接雷击分为两大类,由此提出了"雷电电位差效应"。对雷电反击、雷电地电位上升、雷电旁侧闪络等效应进行了阐述,并单独对接触电压和跨步电压进行分析。介绍了雷电电位差效应的防护方法,对安全距离做了说明。研究了雷电电位差效应与人身伤害的关系。分析表明:雷电电位差效应主要包括雷电反击、雷电地电位上升、雷电旁侧闪络以及与人身伤害有关的接触电压和跨步电压;雷电电位差效应的防护方法主要包括躲避、等电位连接和保持足够的安全距离。

Effect Analysis of Lightning Potential Difference Based on Lightning Category System

Considering the status of lacking a complete lightning category system, a comprehensive study of lightning strokes according to lightning hazard patterns is conducted, and indirect lightning strokes are divided into two categories. The concept of lightning potential difference effect is presented. Lightning counterattacks, lightning ground potential ascending, and lightning side flashovers are described, and touch voltage and step voltage are analyzed separately. The protection methods of lightning potential difference effect are introduced and the explanation of safe distance is given. The relationship between lightning potential difference effect and personal injury is also studied. It is concluded: lightning potential difference effect includes lightning counterattacks, lightning ground potential ascending, lightning side flashovers, touch voltage and step voltage related with personal injury; the protection methods of lightning potential difference effect include avoiding, bonding and maintaining safe distance.