Deep electrical conductivity features in the transition zone from the Pacific to Eurasia

Understanding the processes that occur in the transition from the Pacific Ocean to Eurasia is key to constructing the tectonic models of the Earth’s shells and the convection models of the upper mantle. The electromagnetic methods permit estimating the temperature and fluid content (and/or carbon (graphite) content) in the Earth’s interior. These estimates are independent of the traditionally used estimates based on seismic methods because the dependence of electrical conductivity on the physical properties of the rock is based on different principles than the behavior of the elastic waves. The region is characterized by a complicated geological structure with intense three-dimensional (3D) surface heterogeneities, which significantly aggravate the retrieval of the information about the deep horizons in the structure of the Earth’s mantle from the observed electromagnetic (EM) fields. The detailed analysis of the nature of the deep electrical conductivity and structural features of the transition from the Pacific to Eurasia included numerical modeling of the typical two- and three-dimensional models has been carried out. Based on this analysis, the approaches that increase the reliability of the interpretation of the results of the EM studies are suggested.