土壤调查地区级汇总的遥感制图试验研究

本研究的目的是探讨利用遥感影像数据,对县级土壤调查资料进行地区级汇总的制图工作方法。我们依据的制图综合原则是:(1)以现有的土壤图为基础,充分尊重原图上的界线,主要以土层界线重新综合;(2)研究并搞清各种土壤分布规律和它们之间的组合规律,然后进行归并和区分;(3)参照卫星影像特征和判读标志,对某些明显与实地不符之处,以影像和实地调查资料进行修正,有些土壤类型以组合形式表达。本文对利用遥感数据进行制图综合的工作方法进行了详细描述,其中包括:制图单元的综合和比例尺的改变,底图的制作和利用卫星影像对综合后的土壤图进行编制等。研究结果表明,此种方法与常规方法比较,特别是对有一定物质和技术条件的单位(如省级),不仅在土壤调查中,而且在资源调查中皆可采用此种编图技术,收到节省人力、物力和时间的效果。

A Pilot Study on Soil Mapping with Remote Sensing Data at Prefectural level

This paper is aimed at soil mapping technics with remote sensing data to produce a soil map at a prefectural level (1:200000) from county level (1:50000). The principles of mapping synthesis for our research are 1. the new boundary is delineated on the base of soil family boundary on the original soil maps, 2. the regularity of soil distribution has to be studied so that soil mapping units are merged and distinguished according to the regularity and the interpretation of Landsat image, 3. some mapping units with regularity are presented as association after they are merged.The mapping scale was reduced from 1:50000 to 1:200000 after the mapping units were changed from the series on original soil maps to the families on the new map. To meet the need of the scale change, some modifications for the classification system were made. The base map was prepared from topography maps which can satisfactorily reach mapping accuracy. New soil map and Landsat image were overlapped, on which the synthesis and corrections were carried out. We merged some families into one family according to Landsat image pattern and ground truth data. For same soil types without special interpretation character, we made few changes. The results show that this method is more effective than the traditional one. It saves time and expense.