海岸带陆海相互作用(LOICZ)研究及我们的策略

介绍了全球变化研究中关于“海岸带”的定义，海岸带在地球系统研究中的重要地位及其生态系统的脆弱性。我国海岸带地跨三大气候带，海岸类型多种多样，不但有黄河、长江等大河入海，每年有巨大的向海物质通量（包括从大气中的粉尘输入），有宽阔的陆架，有陆架区和近洋之间强烈的物质和能量交换，而且沿海人口密集，大河流域经济活动频繁，人类活动和自然因素冲突集中。近年来海岸带环境和生态系统已经发生了巨大变化。今后，在全球变化条件下为使我国的海岸带环境和生态系统进入良性循环和制定科学的长期管理政策，亟待通过陆海相互作用研究提高对其未来变化的预测能力。文中根据国际ＬＯＩＣＺ运行计划和我国的特点，提出开展我国ＬＯＩＣＺ研究的策略和主要科学问题。

STUDY ON LAND-OCEAN INTERACTION IN THE COASTAL ZONE AND OUR STRATEGY

  Coastal Zone，in view of global change，is defined transitional zone between land and ocean. Coast zone very sensitive to fluctuation caused by various natural processes in broad area and anthropogenic activities and ecosystem balance is very fragil too. In order to develope the economy and predict human living environment，it is necessary to predict the impact of changes in climate，land use，sea level rise and anthropogenic activities on coastal environment and ecosystem and feedbacks from them. Therefore LOICZ study is very important.
  In our country coastal zone，which crosses three climate zones，there are many largerivers，and a huge sum of material fluxes，wide and broad continental shelf and strong exchange of materials and energy between continental shelf and nearby ocean，human intensive and frequent economic activities，which have altered coastal environment and ecosystem in a considerable degree，for example，coastal erosion and sea water intrusion caused by wantc;n exploitation of the sand and groundwater resources and sea level rise，fishing resources failling，water and sediment discharged from the large rivers decrease caused by climate change and water conservency works along the large rivers，these further affect the living resources，broad
mangrove had been broken and so on. The factors of global change and exploitation irregularly have affected in a great extent economic development and human living environment in coastal region，therefore，it is urgent to develop LOICZ studying.
  Based on the international operational plan of LOICZ and characters of coastal zone in our country，the strategy for studing LOICZ is“project large rivers,place to stay ecology,strengthen prediction and positive cooperation". The main scientific issuses are as follows:① To study and predict impact of global change and anthropogenic factors on the material fluxes.② To study and predict response of coastal environment and ecosystem to the change in material fluxes and the feedback to global environment.③To study transportation and transformation processes of materials emptied to sea from the land in estuary coastal sea and continental shelf and impact of them on the coastal environment and ecosystem.