碱熔-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定大气颗粒物样品中无机元素

大气颗粒物(TSP和PM10)中Si、Al、Ca、Mg、K、Fe、Na等元素含量较高,是颗粒物源分析的指示性元素。目前分析大气颗粒物样品中无机元素的方法有中子活化分析法、X射线荧光光谱法、微波消解(或高压釜消解)电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法。本文建立了碱熔-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定大气颗粒物样品中Si、Al、Ca、Mg、Fe、Ti、Ba、Sr、Zr等无机元素的分析方法,样品于镍坩埚中530～550℃灰化60 min后用NaOH融熔,水提取,再用2 mL 50%的HCl酸化,钠基体匹配消除干扰,解决了大气颗粒物滤膜样品中Si易产生的溶解不完全等问题,提高了Ti、Ba、Sr、Zr等主、次量元素测定的精密度和准确度。讨论了坩埚和熔剂的选择、灰化温度、灰化时间、酸度、干扰等影响因素。在选定条件下,测定结果相对误差(RE)﹤4%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)﹤5%,检出限为0.0047～1.2 ng/g。方法所需设备简单,分析成本低,快速简便,精密度好,准确度高,适宜批量样品的测定。

Quantification of Inorganic Elements in Aerosol Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Alkali Melting

In atmospheric particles(TSP and PM10),the high contents of some inorganic elements including Si,Al,Ca,Mg,K,Fe and Na are the proxy elements for the particles source analysis.At present,there are several methods to analyze inorganic elements for atmospheric particles such as neutron activation analysis,X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry(XRF),Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS) after dissolving by microwave(or high-pressured c...