海南岛0 cm地温变化特征及其相关气象要素

利用海南岛17个气象观测站1980—2018年逐月0cm地温及气象要素资料,通过数理统计方法分析了海南岛年和四季的0cm地温时空变化特征及其与气象要素的关系。结果表明:海南岛年平均0cm地温呈显著上升趋势,秋季升温对年平均0cm地温的升高有主要贡献,春季次之。M-K检验表明年与春秋两季0cm地温在20世纪90年代中后期发生突变。从空间上看,海南岛0cm地温呈中间低、南部高的分布,大部分地区呈升温趋势。从与气象要素的相关性来看,气温对0cm地温具有显著的正向驱动,而日照时数的减少和降水量的增加对0cm地温升高有减缓作用,风速与0cm地温的相关性较为复杂,春季为正相关,而秋季为负相关。

Variation Characteristics of 0 cm Ground Temperature and Its Related Meteorological Elements over Hainan Island

Based on the monthly data of ground temperature at a depth of 0 cm as well as other meteorological elements of 17 meteorological observation stations from 1980 to 2018 in Hainan Island, the changes in ground temperature and their relationship with meteorological elements are analyzed by the mathematical statistic method. The results show that the annual ground temperature of Hainan Island showed an increasing trend, and the ground temperature rising in autumn had the greatest contribution, and that in spring was the second. The M K test confirms that the annual and spring, autumn ground temperature had significantly increasing trends with the significant mutation around the mid to late 1990s. The annual ground temperature was low in the central and high in the south parts. In most regions, ground temperature had increasing trends. Among the relationships with ground temperature, the air temperature had a significant positive drive to ground temperature. The decrease of sunshine duration and the increase of precipitation caused slow ground temperature warming trends. The effect of wind speed on ground temperature was more complicated, and different in different seasons.