Biomarker responses in Macoma nasuta (Bivalvia) exposed to sediments from northern San Francisco Bay |
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| Authors: | Ingeborg Werner Swee J Teh Seema Datta XiaoQiao Lu Thomas M Young |
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| Institution: | a Aquatic Toxicology Program, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;b Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA |
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| Abstract: | Our study investigates biomarker responses and survival of Macoma nasuta exposed to sediments collected from six locations in northern San Francisco Bay. Biomarkers analyzed were stress proteins (hsp70) in gill, mantle and digestive gland, lysosomal membrane damage and histopathologic lesions. Sediments and clam tissues were analyzed for a comprehensive suite of heavy metals and trace organic pollutants. Sediment grain size and organic carbon content were determined. Clams accumulated metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (aldrin and p,p′-DDT and its metabolites p,p′-DDD and p,p′-DDE). Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis revealed that mortality, hsp70 in gill and histopathologic lesion scores in gonads, and lysosomal membrane damage were significantly correlated with tissue concentrations of DDT and/or its metabolites. Tissue concentrations of metals, in particular nickel, chromium, and copper, were associated with macrophage aggregates in digestive gland and germ cell necrosis. Cadmium was linked to mortality and lysosomal membrane damage. |
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| Keywords: | Sediments Biomarkers Stress proteins Histopathology Lysosomal membrane damage Macoma nasuta San Francisco Bay |
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