复合筒型风电基础单向流局部冲刷试验研究

复合筒型基础是一种新型的宽浅式海上风电基础,相对于桩基础等深基础,复合筒型基础周围地基的冲刷破坏对风机结构体系安全性的影响更加明显,因此,研究海流作用下复合筒型基础的冲刷特性很有必要。针对某工程实例,建设了冲刷试验场地,布置了典型测点,为复合筒型基础冲刷试验奠定了基础;采用系列比尺模型的方法,分别选取1:20、1:40、1:70三种比尺的模型,对海上风电复合筒型基础样机周围粉砂质海床的冲刷情况进行了试验研究;分析了各组试验冲刷平衡时间、模型周围冲刷坑的范围、最大冲刷深度,并且依据系列比尺模型试验原理计算出了实际工程中的冲刷深度。通过试验研究给出了实际工程复合筒型基础的最大冲刷深度,明确了单向流作用下复合筒型基础周围地基局部冲刷特性,填补了复合筒型基础冲刷试验研究的空白,为复合筒型基础的工程应用提供了指导。

Experimental study of the local scour around the composite bucket foundations of wind turbines under unidirectional current

Composite bucket foundation is a new kind of wide-shallow foundation for offshore wind turbines. Compared to the local scour around a deep foundation such as pile foundation, scouring around composite bucket foundation can significantly influence the safety of wind turbine. According to an engineering instance, a test site for scour experiment is built and the monitoring points are displayed. A series of scale model tests is performed on the local scour around a composite bucket foundation model, and the scales of 1:20, 1:40 and 1:70 are adopted in the experiments. The morphology of the scour hole around the foundation, equilibrium scour time and maximum scour depth are investigated, and the maximum scour depth of the seabed around composite bucket foundations is determined according to the results of the scale model tests. The characteristics of local scour around composite bucket foundation are clearly captured in the experiments, providing some theoretical guidance for the application of composite bucket foundations.