海南石碌铁钴铜矿床成因及其成矿模式

海南石碌矿床是以富铁矿为主,并伴生有钴铜等矿产的著名大型矿集区。通过对该矿床控矿地质条件的再认识,并对其成矿物质来源、岩浆活动与成矿的关系、成矿时代进行了讨论,认为铁钴铜等物质来源很可能来自原始火山沉积地层石碌群中,后期区域变质作用和岩浆活动对其形成起重要的改造富集作用,初步定义其为火山-沉积变质+多期热液叠加改造型矿床。该矿床成矿模式概括为:1)新元古代海底火山喷流沉积期,奠定了铁钴铜等成矿物质的基础;2)加里东—海西期的变质改造成矿期,形成了沉积变质型贫矿体;3)印支—燕山早期热液叠加改造富化期,石碌矿床发生了重要的改造富集作用,形成了富铁矿体;4)燕山晚期热液叠加改造富化期,对原来矿体进行改造富集,并形成了脉状、角砾状铁矿体及伴生的铜钴矿体。

Ore genesis and metallogenic model of the Shilu Fe-Co-Cu deposit in Hainan Province

The Shihlu ore deposit in Hainan is one of the famous mining areas not only for large amounts of iron but also for considerable economic values of associated minerals such as copper and cobalt.This paperreevaluated the major factors controlling the orientations of ore bodies,and discussed the source of metallogenic materials,the relationship between magmatic activity and the metallogenic process,and the metallogenic epoch.The results show that the metallogenic materials of the Shilu ore deposit were possibly derived from the Shilu Group of primary volcanic-sedimentary formations,and later regional metamorphism and magmatic activity played an important role in the transformation and concentration of these material.On such a basis,the authors defined initially it as the type of the volcano-sedimentary metamorphic and multi-period hydrothermal superimposition transformation.This paper summarized the metallogenic model of the Shilu ore deposit as follows: 1) Submarine volcanic exhalation stage in Neoproterozoic period,which established the foundation of metallogenic materials of Fe-Co-Cu;2) Metamorphic metallogenic stage in Caledonian-Hercynian period,which formed the lean metamorphic ore bodies;3) Hydrothermal transformation stage of Indosinian-early Yanshanian period,which caused important transformation and concentration of the ore deposit,and produced rich iron ore bodies;4) Hydrothermal transformation stage of late Yanshanian period,which transformed the original ore bodies,and produced the vein/breccia iron ore bodies and also the associated copper-cobalt ore bodies.